Stephen Daye and his successors, the establishment of a printing plant in what was formerly British North America and the development of the art of printing at the University Press of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1639-1921

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STEPHEN DAYE

and His Successors

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STEPHEN DAYE

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The establishment of a Printing Plant
in what was formerly British North
America and the development of the
Art of Printing at The University
Press, of Cambridge, Massachusetts

1639- I92I

CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS

M

c m X X I

STEPHEN DAY E

and His Successors

HISTORICAL SKETCH

UST nineteen years after the
Pilgrims moored their bark at
Plymouth in 1620, there was
established at Cambridge the
first printing press in what
was then British North America and what
has later become the United States.

This beginning of printing here we owe
to an English clergyman, the Reverend
Jose Glover. Attracted by the opportuni-
ties which he believed offered themselves
in America and becoming interested in the
religious freedom of the Colonies, he came
over from England with his family in 1638.
He was a man of wealth and excellent edu-
cation and planned to engage in the iron

[ 9 ] industry

STEPHEN DA YE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

industry in the Colonies and to control
a printing press.

He brought with him as assistants in his
project the Daye family — Stephen, the
father, and his two sons, Stephen, Jr., and
Matthew. But Mr. Glover unfortunately
died at sea, and as an indirect result of
that fact Stephen Daye became the pioneer
printer of this country.

It seems that Mrs. Glover, the widow,
married Mr. Dunster, then president of
Harvard College, shortly after her arrival
in the Colonies. Through this marriage
Dunster gained control of the press and
types brought over from England by the
deceased Glover.

Stephen Daye was engaged by Dunster
to run the printing business. Stephen was
hot a printer, but a locksmith, and the
press was actually operated by his son
Matthew, who had been apprenticed as a
printer in England. Stephen, however, was
in nominal charge of the press, as Matthew
was only eighteen years old.

The first productions by the press under

[ lo ] Stephen

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

Stephen Daye and his son Matthew were
"The Freeman's Oath," of which no copy
is known, the lost almanac of 1639, and
that most precious piece of American in-
cunabula, ^'The Whole Booke of Psalmes,
Imprinted 1640," sometimes known as
"The Bay Psalm Book" (see page 12).
These were followed by a number of books
or pamphlets of a religious, legal, and edu-
cational character. As the years went on,
Stephen Daye gave less and less time to the
work of the press and interested himself
largely in prospecting and other projects.

Thus the management of the press, as
well as its actual operation, passed from
Stephen Daye to his son Matthew. Speci-
mens of Matthew Daye's work are extant,
and it is evident from their appearance
that with practice in his trade he made
great strides in skill and craftsmanship.
His later works are far superior in work-
manship to his first efforts. The early mis-
takes and blunders of the apprentice have
been eliminated and we see the work of
the finished printer. Much of Matthew's

[11] work

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STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

work was for Harvard College. He was only
twenty-nine years old when he died, but to
him is due much of the credit which the
world usually pays to his father, Stephen,
as the first printer in America. Stephen
Daye himself died in 1668.

Matthew Daye was succeeded by Samuel
Green. The press and the original type
still belonged to Dunster, although Har-
vard College had bought some additional
types for the equipment of the shop.
Dunster selected Samuel Green to run the
shop, although he was not a printer and had
no knowledge of the art. Green was able,
quick to learn, and a hard worker. Green's
connection with the press began in 1649.
He was a fairly well-educated man, and the
first book he printed, "Platform of Church
Discipline," etc., while poor in presswork,
was quite good in spelling and punctuation.

Within the next few years it appears
that the press, which up to now had been
owned by the Glover estate and controlle4
by Dunster, passed into the hands of the
College, for in a petition to the General

[ 13 ] Court

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

Court in 1658 it is stated that the College
owned the press.

The petition in question was the project
of the Reverend John Eliot and was for the
purpose of buying twenty pounds' worth
of type in England to use in the printing of
Mr. Eliot's "Indian Bible." The corpora-
tion in England known as the "Company
for the Propagation of the Gospel amongst
the Heathen Natives of New England and
Parts adjacent in America" agreed to pay
the expenses of printing Mr. Eliot's "Indian
Bible" and in 1659 equipped Green with a
new press and type, which were installed in
the Harvard Yard in a building called the
"Indian College." The following year the
corporation in England sent over Marma-
duke Johnson, a master printer, to assist
Green in the work on the Indian Bible.

Johnson was the first master printer to
arrive in America. His somewhat tempes-
tuous career and his influence on the devel-
opment of printing in America are of more
than ordinary interest. It would seem that
Johnson must have found some time to

[ 14 ] himself

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

himself outside his endeavors on the Indian
Bible, for in 1661 he fell in love with Samuel
Green's daughter. Green believed Johnson
to be married, with a wife in England,
and as Johnson persisted with the court-
ship against Green's wishes. Green had
him brought into court. Under penalty of
twenty pounds, Johnson was ordered to
return to England, where by his own con-
fession he had a wife. He did not return to
England, however, and on the expiration of
his contract in 1663, he was discharged.

It appears that Johnson's wife in England
was a most unworthy woman and that only
his absence in this country prevented his
getting a divorce from her. By some means
a Mr. Tracy in England, whose wife was
friendly with Mrs. Johnson, sent Mrs. John-
son to the Barbadoes, Tracy being appar-
ently worried by his wife's association with
a woman of such character. Mrs. Johnson
died on the way there.

These facts were set forth in a letter
which Johnson received, shortly before the
expiration of his contract, from his brother

[ 15 ] Thomas,

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

Thomas, in England. Through the efforts
of the Reverend John Eliot, who was much
pleased with Johnson's work on the In-
dian Bible and who evidently viewed his
domestic troubles in a sympathetic light,
Johnson was given another year's trial as
printer.

On appeal to a higher court of the order
directing Johnson to return to England, it
was decreed that the order should be sus-
pended until Johnson could obtain a cer-
tificate proving his wife's death. The final
disposition of jthe case is not known, as the
records of the court were destroyed by fire
between 1663 and 1671. From Johnson's
subsequent continuance in America, how-
ever, it would seem that he eventually
satisfied the court of his wife's demise.

During the year of reengagement, John-
son was employed in printing the "Psalms
in Metre" and Baxter's "Call to the Un-
converted." Johnson then returned to
England to collect his salary, which was
payable there.

The corporation in England was repre-

[ 16 ] sen ted

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

sented in America by commissioners. The
commissioners did not like Johnson, but
Charles Chauncy, president of the college,
and the Reverend John Eliot were both
much pleased with him. Chauncy and Eliot
wrote strong letters to the corporation in
England on Johnson's behalf, and on ac-
count of their patronage the corporation
in England reengaged Johnson against the
wishes of the commissioners in this country.
Moreover the press, which had been under
the control of the commissioners since 1659,
was now committed to the care of the
Reverend John Eliot.

Johnson brought back with him in 1665 a
press of his own and a font of type for the
corporation press. This made three presses
in the Colonies — the corporation press, the
college press, which was still being run by
Samuel Green, and Johnson's own press.
Johnson's plan was to set up an independent
press in Boston if he failed to get the appoint-
ment as manager of the corporation press.
The opening of a rival printing office in
Boston and the removal to that city of the

[ 17 ] corporation

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

corporation press, whose facilities the col-
lege needed, would be well-nigh disastrous
to the interests of the college. Upon peti-
tion of the college authorities, therefore, it
was made a law that there should be no
printing outside of Cambridge.

This compelled Johnson to set up his press
in Cambridge. He was successful in obtain-
ing the appointment as manager of the cor-
poration press and also in securing exclusive
use of the new font of type. The authorities
of the college made several attempts to get
the use of this new font of type for them-
selves, but were unsuccessful.

Johnson, in setting«up his press on what
is to-day the southeast corner of Boylston
and Winthrop Streets in Cambridge, opened
the first independent printing press in the
Colonies. His first work was a religious
book by his friend, Mr. Eliot. This was
followed by other religious works, and in
1666 by an Indian Grammar for Mr. Eliot.
Johnson bound all the books he printed.

Both Johnson and Green realized that
the competition between them was bad for

[18] their

The First Printing Press in the United States. This
press was brought from England in 1638 and set up by Stephen
Daye in Cambridge. Later it passed into the hands of Samuel
Green, one of whose descendants took it to New London, Con-
necticut, where it remained until 1773. It was then taken to
Norwich, Connecticut. Five years later it was removed to
Dresden, now Hanover, New Hampshire, and thence to West-
minster, Vermont, where on February 12, 1781, it was used for
printing The Vermont Gazette or Green Mountain Post Boy, the
first newspaper published in Vermont. In 1783, George Hough
and Alden Spooner moved it to Windsor, Vermont, and used it
for printing The Vermont Journal and Universal Advertiser. The
historic press is now preserved in the State Capitol at Mont-
pelier, Vermont.

[19I

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

their respective businesses, so they cooper-
ated to some extent. The separate offices
of each were nevertheless still continued.
Between 1665 and 1674 Johnson printed
twenty books alone, and nineteen in part-
nership with Green. The corporation, how-
ever, still regarded Johnson as its official
printer whenever it had use for its press,
which had been loaned to Green for the
printing at the college. Stephen Daye's
original press, brought from England in
1639, had been the college press and was
well worn from continuous use. The con-
dition of this old press had led to the suc-
cessful effi^rt of the college authorities to
obtain the loan of the corporation press,
which had been sent over from England
in 1659.

In spite of his success in" Cambridge, John-
son had always been anxious to print in
Boston. In 1674 he petitioned the General
Court, and the ban against printing outside
Cambridge was removed. Johnson accord-
ingly bought a piece of land in Boston,
moved his family there, and set up the first

[ 20 ] printing

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

printing office in that city. But after a
few months he died — on Christmas, 1674.

The press and type were bought from
Johnson's wife by John Foster, a Harvard
graduate/ Whether the credit of being the
first printer in Boston goes to Johnson or
Foster it is difficult to say. When Johnson
removed to Boston he was engaged in print-
ing a sermon delivered by Samuel Torrey.
It is believed that some of the last signa-
tures of this sermon were printed in Boston
and thus constitute the first printing in that
city. In the meantime Samuel Green was
still printing in Cambridge, and continued
with his work, assisted from time to time
by his son Bartholomew, until about 1692,
when he apparently retired from business.

Any book printed in Cambridge prior to
1700 is well-nigh priceless in value. Prob-
ably the most famous of these books are:
"The Bay Psalm Book"; the list of Theses
at the Commencement of Harvard College;
the first "Laws of Massachusetts Bay"; the
"Cambridge Platform of Church Disci-
pline," etc.; the "Day of Doom," of which

[21] no

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

no copy is known to exist; Eliot's "In-
dian Bible"; and Baxter's "Call to the
Unconverted," an edition of one thousand
copies being printed, but all of which have
disappeared.

One of the most prolific years in the
printing sense was 1668, in which Samuel
Green printed the following:

A Drop of Honey (printed for himself);

The Rule of the New Creature;

The Way to a Blessed Estate in this life;

The Assembly of Divine Catechism;

A Narrative of the Plague and Fire at London;

Tidings from Rome the grand Trappan;

Wine for Gospel Wantons, or Cautions against

Spiritual Drunkenness;
Almanack for the Year 1669;
Spiritual Milk for Boston Babes;
Appendix of Catechism, touching Church

Government;
Two catechisms.

After Samuel Green's retirement there
was an interval in which no printing was
done. However, printing was subsequently
resumed by the college and continued until
1800, when William Hilliard settled in Cam-
bridge, with a new press and type, on what

[ 22 ] is

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

is now Hilllard Street. On the college
commencement "broadside" in 1802 there
appears the imprint, "University Press,
William Hilliard."

It is apparent that Hilliard obtained con-
siderable work from the college, for there
are extant various college publications bear-
ing his imprint. As early as 1809, perhaps
earlier, Hilliard had associated with him
Eliab W. Metcalf, and had located his plant
on Arrow Street. In 18 13 Charles Folsom,
a Harvard graduate of the class of 18 13
and librarian of the college from 1823 to

1826, became associated with Hilliard and
Metcalf in the University Press, but there
is no evidence of this in the imprints until

1827, when "and Company" was added to
the names of Hilliard and Metcalf.

Folsom, locally known as the "Harvard
Aldus," did much to increase the high
reputation which the University Press had
already gained for good printing. During
his connection with the press, books were
printed in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, French,
Italian, German, and Spanish. Practically

[ 23 ] all

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

all the textbooks used at the college were
printed there.

In 1842 the University Press passed into
the hands of Charles R. Metcalf, Omen S.
Keith, and George Nichols. Within a year
Mr. Keith retired and Marshall T. Bigelow
entered the firm.

In 1859 the owners of the press were
Welch, Bigelow and Company, the plant
being located on Holyoke Street. In 1865
they removed to the Brattle House, on
Brattle Square, which had formerly been
used as a hotel. This firm did a successful
business until 1879. The bulk of their work
was for James R. Osgood and Company,
the Boston publishers, and for the college.
Osgood and Company were publishers for
the country's best writers at that time.
Welch, Bigelow and Company printed for
them the productions of Holmes, Sparks,
Prescott, Ticknor, Palfrey, Judge Story,
Everett, Longfellow, Hawthorne, Whittier,
Emerson, Lowell, and many others.

For some reason the successful publish-
ing firm of Osgood and Company failed in

[24] 1879.

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

1879. Welch, Bigelow and Company, being
immediately involved with the Osgood fail-
ure, were themselves drawn down. Fourteen
years before — in 1865 — John Wilson and
Son, printers, had moved out from Boston
and established their plant on Holyoke
Street in Cambridge, in the building from
which Welch, Bigelow and Company had
removed. Here John Wilson and Son re-
mained until 1879, and upon the failure of
Welch, Bigelow and Company, bought out
that concern in conjunction with Charles E.
Wentworth. The firm name of John Wilson
and Son remained unchanged, but they took
over the title, *'The University Press" used
by Welch, Bigelow and Company.

From 1879 until 1895 the establishment
of John Wilson and Son printed successfully
for Harvard College and for different pub-
lishers. In 1 895 John Wilson and Son failed,
and a new corporation under the name of
"The University Press, John Wilson and
Son, Incorporated," was organized under
the laws of Massachusetts. It was at this
time that the press was moved to its present

[ 25 ] quarters

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

quarters — a commodious building facing
the Charles River, just beyond Brattle
Square.

This establishment was the first printing
plant in New England to introduce electric
motors for each separate printing press.
This development, however, was in line with
its previous history, for the first Adams and
the first Hoe stop-cylinder presses made in
America were used by the University Press.
Even before cylinder presses were manufac-
tured in this country, the University Press,
under the former Welch, Bigelow and Com-
pany management, had imported from
France the first cylinder press used in New
England. This press was brought over
through the efforts of Mr. A. K. P.
Welch for the purpose of printing
a weekly called Every Satur-
day^ which was pub-
lished simultaneously
here and in
England.

[26]

THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF
TO-DAY

HROUGH nearly three cen-
turies in the development of
American printing since that
far-ofF day when Stephen
Daye and Matthew toiled
over their crude press in Cambridge, there
have come down to The University Press
traditions that shape its policies and guide
its practices to-day.

Foremost among these is pride in crafts-
manship — that worthy, honest sort of pride
whose joy lies in the production of a fine,
delightful, admirable piece of work — a
pride that rejects all but the very best and
very highest ideals of workmanship. This
feeling is accentuated by the fact that
through The University Press and its im-
mediate predecessors the foremost works
of American literature have first been pre-
sented to the world. Here were printed the

[ 27 ] first

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

first editions of what we now recognize as
the American classics, and here the publi-
cation of their works was personally super-
vised by such illustrious figures as Oliver
Wendell Holmes, John Greenleaf Whittier,
Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Tho-
reau, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Na-
thaniel Hawthorne, Francis H. Underwood,
Samuel A. Green, John Fiske, Robert C.
Winthrop, Alexander Agassiz, Asa Gray,
Mary Baker Eddy, and many others.

Surely here is a history to inspire with the
lofty mission of the press and the nobility
of the printer's craft ! The aim of The Uni-
versity Press of to-day is to maintain those
fine traditions and prove worthy of that
history and its inspiration.

The University Press strives to render to
its clients a service that is as complete, as
worthy, and as satisfactory in these modern
times as were the efforts of Stephen Daye
and Matthew in their day. While a printing
plant is primarily a manufacturing estab-
lishment whose fundamental function is to
manufacture printing, the service of The

[ 28 ] University

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

University Press to its clients extends far
beyond the mere mechanical production of
printed matter. True, The University Press
takes pride in its ability to produce good
printing economically and efficiently, but
its pride in that ability has not narrowed
its vision of service.

Constructive assistance to the user of
printing is the touchstone of University
Press activities. Anything that construc-
tively aids the user of printing to get better
effects or more satisfactory results comes
within the scope of the service of The Uni-
versity Press. Knowledge of the paper
markets, skillful buying of paper, the effi-
cient arrangement of the various production
units within the plant, the adoption of every
practical plan for promoting speed and econ-
omy without impairing the quality of the
craftsmanship — these are some of the more
general elements of University Press service.

Attractiveness to the eye is an element of
highest importance in the case of most pieces
of printed matter — particularly where the
printing is to be used for advertising and

[ 29 ] selling

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

selling purposes. The University Press
maintains a Design Department, where the
work of clients is carefully laid out and
planned with a view to making sure that
the finished product will be attractive, well-
balanced, and easily read.

The University Press has in its personnel
men thoroughly imbued with the principles
of good book-making, and its equipment of
materials and machinery is equal to the
largest tasks.

Many years ago the highest grade of
printing was found in books of general liter-
ature and of standard authors, but during
the last twenty years commercial printing
and printing for advertising purposes have
shown a steady and rapid improvement, so
that to-day the highest expressions of the
arts of designing and printing are required
in the production of high-grade advertising
and commercial literature. This was a field
which naturally immediately attracted The
University Press, and for twenty years the
development of this side of its activities
has been more and more rapid, and its

[30] studies

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

Studies of the fundamentals underlying
successful advertising have been more and
more productive of results.

Underlying all the activities of The Uni-
versity Press, of course there are always
those basic business principles which its
clients have learned to take for granted:
courtesy, fair dealing, and truthful-
ness— simply the gentleman's
method of doing
business.

[31]

SELLING BY THE PRINTED WORD

T has always been, and still
is, the policy and practice
of The University Press to
make its clients' problems
its own. Thus, in handling
a great volume of commercial printing for
many business firms. The University Press
has been led to undertake to work out
for such clients the various problems in-
cident to advertising-printing. Printing
for advertising purposes is printing that is
intended to develop sales for its sponsors.
It is a process of selling by the printed word.
This process goes through four stages. The
first is planning, where conditions are ana-
lyzed and the campaign is carefully shaped
so as to bring back maximum returns at
minimum cost. The second is copy, where
the matter to be printed must be written
not only with acceptable literary skill, but
with a highly specialized type of skill that
puts behind each word the vital element of

[32] selling

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

selling force. The third stage is design,
where the physical presentation of the copy
is devised to win favorable attention and
heighten, so far as possible, the selling force
of the copy. The fourth and last stage is
multiplication, where the resultant of the
first three stages is multiplied by printing
as many times as may be needed. These
printed presentations, thus worked out, con-
stitute printing-advertising — selling by the
printed word. To serve its clients who use
printing for advertising purposes, therefore,
The University Press has developed a stafFof
specialists trained in the work of producing
printing-advertising that brings satisfactory
results. These men are not merely writers;
they are business planners and writer-sales-
men. The University Press is thus able to
render advertisers a complete service — from
the preliminary investigating, analyzing, and
planning right through to the
production of the cam-
paign in printed
form.

[33]

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

The Washington Elm. This famous tree, under
which Washington first took command of the Continental
Army, stands on Garden Street, at the end of Mason Street,
just off Brattle Street, Cambridge. The inscription on
the tablet erected under this tree reads:

Under this tree

Washington

first took command

of the

American Army

July 3rd, 1775

[34]

SOME HISTORIC LANDMARKS

ISTORIC in its origin and tra-
ditions, The University Press
is likewise located in an his-
toric setting. Cambridge and
J^^^^^^^ vicinity constitute what is
probably the greatest literary and educa-
tional center in the United States. Nearly
all of the leaders among American writ-
ers — the literary lights for which New
England is famous — have had their homes
within easy distance of Cambridge. And
in Cambridge is located Harvard Univer-
sity, foremost among American educational
institutions.

The University Press is housed in a large
brick building, which it owns, facing the
famous Charles River. Within a few min-
utes' walk of the press may be seen the his-
toric Washington Elm, under which George
Washington first took command of the Con-
tinental Army in 1775. Washington had a

[^S] platform

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

platform placed in the branches of this tree,
so that from this coign of vantage he might
observe the encamped army. This historic
shrine is visited every year by large numbers
from this country and abroad.

Not far from the Washington elm is the
site of the shopof "The Village Blacksmith,"
made immortal in Longfellow's poem, and
a little farther afield may be seen Longfel-
low's home, where practically all his works
were written. The Longfellow home is a
place of historic as well as literary fame.
The house was built about 1759 by Colonel
John Vassall, who, being a Tory, fled at the
time of the Revolution. It was soon after-
ward occupied by Colonel John Glover
with his regiment. George Washington
made it his headquarters and took posses-
sion of it July 15, 1775. He left in April,
1776. After that the house was occupied
in succession by Nathaniel Tracy, Thomas
Russell, Andrew Craigie (who entertained
here the Duke of Kent, father of Queen
Victoria), Jared Sparks, Edward Everett,
and Joseph Worcester of dictionary fame.

[ 2^ ] Longfellow

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

4^^:\i

■;.--<■'•

> J

^^tU-^,u..

SW vXU-o^t, 4-Su.tL\i:, e,\oJn.i^ \4 V/ "? 9

Reproduction of Drawing by Henry W. Long-
fellow. The site of the smithy is at the corner of Brattle
and Story Streets, Cambridge. The inscription on the
commemorative stone reads:

Near this spot

stood the

spreading chestnut tree

and the smithy

referred to in

Longfellow's Poem

"The Village Blacksmith"

[37I

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

Longfellow first roomed here in 1837 and
afterwards in 1 843. After the death of Mrs.
Craigie he came into full possession of the
house, which stands to-day as it was origi-
nally built by Colonel Vassall, with the en-
largement by Dr. Craigie. Longfellow never

The Longfellow House. Home of the beloved poet
at 105 Brattle Street, Cambridge. Built about 1759 by-
Colonel John Vassall. Washington made his headquar-
ters here in 1775 and 1776. The house was subsequently
occupied by a number of illustrious men. Longfellow
first lived here in 1837, ^nd practically all his works were
written here. The house is still occupied by members
of the Longfellow family.

[ 38 ] allowed

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

allowed the house to be altered in even the
slightest particular. The house is still occu-
pied by members of the Longfellow family.

"Elmwood," the home of James Russell
Lowell, is another famous Cambridge land-
mark. This house was built about 1760
by John Stratton, from whose heirs it was
purchased by Lieutenant-Governer Oliver.
It was at one time the home of Governor
Elbridge Gerry, one of the signers of The
Declaration of Independence and Vice-
President of the United States from 18 13
to 1 8 14. After the Battle of Bunker Hill
the house was used as a hospital. Finally
it became the property of Reverend Charles
Lowell, father of James Russell Lowell, who
was born here February 22, 18 19. Lowell
wrote many of his works here.

Brattle Street in Cambridge has probably
played a larger part in the development of
American history and literature than any
other street in the country. Longfellow's
home is located on Brattle Street, and a list
of the names of those who have lived in
this street would include some of the most

[ 39 ] illustrious

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

ar-

Home of James Russell Lowell. Known as "Elm
wood," this historic house was built about 1760 by John
Stratton. After the Battle of Bunker Hill, it was used as
a hospital. It was at one time the home of Governor
Elbridge Gerry, a signer of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence and Vice-President of the United States from
1813 to 1814. The house finally came into the posses-
sion of Reverend Charles Lowell, father of James Russell
Lowell, who was born here February 22, 18 19. Lowell
wrote many of his works in this house.

[40]

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

illustrious in the history of our country. At
one time Brattle Street was popularly desig-
nated "Tory Row." By far the greater
proportion of the inhabitants of Cambridge
were true to the Colonies in the struggle for
freedom during the Revolution, but there
were a few with Tory proclivities who were

Radcliffe College. These two buildings are the
Ehzabeth Gary Agassiz House and the Gymnasium, as
sketched from the yard. RadcHfFe College offers to the
most advanced students among the women of the country
the services of the Harvard University faculty, which can-
not be excelled for training and teaching ability.

[41 1

obliged,

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

The Johnston Gate, or West Gate, to Harvard
College Yard was donated to Harvard by Mr. Samuel
Johnston, of Chicago. The tablet on the left reads:

By the General Court of Massachusetts Bay

28 October 1636 agreed to give 400 £
Towards a schoale or colledge whearof 200 £

To bee paid the next yeare & 200 £

When the worke is finished & the next court

To appoint wheare & w* building

15 November 1637 the colledg is ordered

To bee at Newetovpne

2 May 1638 it is ordered that Newetowne

Shall henceforward be called Cambrige

13 March 1638-9 it is ordered that the colledge

Agreed upon formerly to bee built at Cambridg

Shalbee called Harvard Colledge.

[42]

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

The tablet on the opposite side of the Johnston Gate
reads:

After God had carried us safe to New England

And wee had builded our houses

Provided necessaries for our liveli hood

Reard convenient places for Gods worship

And setled the civill government

One of the next things we longed for

And looked after was to advance learning

And perpetuate it to posterity
Dreading to leave an illiterate ministery
To the churches when our present ministers
Shall he in the dust.

New Englands First Fruits.

Massachusetts Hall, Erected 1720. This historic
building is the oldest in Harvard College Yard.

[43]

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

obliged, at the outbreak of hostilities, to
leave their homes and, in some cases, to flee
from the country. Brattle Street is about
two minutes' walk from The University-
Press.

Cambridge is indeed rich in historic land-
marks, and many a pleasant hour may be
beguiled in viewing the delightful points
of interest in and around Cambridge which
are revered by all Americans as shrines of
their patriotism and literature.

And those who love good printing, in
which good literature always deserves to be
clothed, will find the library of The Univer-
sity Press a source of pleasure and delight.
Visitors are always welcome here,
and a map in the back cover
of this little book will
guide their footsteps
in the right
direction.

[ 44 ] Home

HOME OF THE PRINTING ART

HE publication of this monthly
magazine was begun by The
University Press in 1903.
Conceived and developed as
the "fashion-plate of printer-
dom," The Printing Art is considered to
be the finest and foremost publication in
the graphic arts and the advertising field.
Briefly described, the magazine contains
about one hundred pages, on the average,
and measures 95^ inches by \l)i inches.
It is profusely illustrated with exclusive and
artistic inserts in color, many of them con-
tributed by contemporary printers. Every
issue contains practical articles by America's
leading authorities on design, paper, lay-out,
color, art, typography, lithography in all
its branches, engraving, and allied sub-
jects. In line with its progressive policy of

[ 45 ] bringing

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

acknowledgment to those who have so
generously contributed examples of their
best work.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

"By their fruits ye shall know them "

Athenaeum Press — G*inn & Company Cambridge, Boston

Barta Press Cambridge, Mass.

Bartlett Orr Press New York City

Berkeley Press — Irving K. Annable . . . Boston, Mass.
The Wayside Press — Will H. Bradley .

formerly of Springfield, Mass.
The Britton Printing Company . . . Cleveland, Ohio
Horace Carr — The Printing Press . . Cleveland, Ohio

The Caxton Company Cleveland, Ohio

Thomas Maitland Cleland, Artist-Printer New York City

Corday & Gross Company Cleveland, Ohio

The De Vinne Press New York City

Doubleday, Page & Co. . . . Garden City, New York
H. & W. B. Drew Company . . . .Jacksonville, Fla.

The DuBois Press Rochester, New York

W. A. Dwiggins, Printing-Designer Hingham Center, Mass.

George H. Ellis Company Boston, Mass.

The Faithorn Company Chicago, 111.

William F. Fell Company Philadelphia, Pa.

Franklin Printing Company .... Philadelphia, Pa.
The Gilliss Press — Walter Gilliss . . . New York City

Frederic W. Goudy New York City

Edwin & Robert Grabhorn, The Studio Press

(formerly of Indianapolis) . . San Francisco
Harvard University Press Cambridge, Mass.

[ 48 ] Mitchell

STEPHEN DAYE AND HIS SUCCESSORS

Mitchell Kennerley, Publisher .... New York City

The Marchbanks Press New York City

J. Horace McFarland Company . . . Harrisburg, Pa.

McGrath-Sherrill Company Boston, Mass.

Merrymount Press — D. B. Updike . . Boston, Mass.

Thomas B. Mosher, Publisher Portland, Maine

Norman T. A. Munder & Co Baltimore, Md.

John Henry Nash San Francisco, Calif.

Oswald Press New York City

Oswald Publishing Company New York City

Pinkham Press Boston, Mass.

Plimpton Press Norwood, Mass.

The Prang Press Boston, Mass.

Providence Lithograph Company . . Providence, R. I.
Redfield-Kendrick-Odell Company . . New York City

Rockwell & Churchill Boston, Mass.

Riverside Press — Houghton, Mifflin

Company . . . Boston, Mass.

Bruce Rogers New York City

Rogers & Company New York City

William E. Rudge, Inc New York City

Ralph Fletcher Seymour, Printing-Designer Chicago, 111.
Benjamin Sherbow, Printing-Designer New York City

Taylor & Taylor • . . San Francisco, Calif.

Taylor, Nash & Taylor San Francisco, Calif.

Thomsen-Ellis Company Baltimore, Md.

The Torch Press Cedar Rapids, Iowa

University of Chicago Press .... Chicago, Illinois.
Wynkoop, Hallenbeck, Crawford Company New York City
Yale University Press . . . New Haven, Connecticut.

I49I

T

Skecc::
the 3TCi: ■

sketches .
the pen ji

TWENTY-FIVE HUNDRED
Copies of this Historical
Sketch were produced during
the month of October, Nineteen
hundred and twenty-one. The
sketches and initials are from
the pen of George F. Trenholm.

J

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UNIVERSITY PRESS

to Harvard Square, Cambrldae

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•51